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拦截器

springmvc拦截器

首先这里先区分一下过滤器Filter和拦截器Interceptor,Filter是Servlet中提供的功能,而Interceptor是SpringMVC的

拦截器的使用

Interceptor底层采用的java反射实现的。

在springmvc中使用拦截器,对请求进行拦截处理首先需要实现HandlerInterceptor接口,然后重写该接口中的三个方法

也可以继承HandlerInterceptorAdapter类来重写某个方法

注意:拦截器是springmvc提供的功能,过滤器是javaee中提供的原生功能,过滤器在DispatcherServlet之前执行,拦截器在DispatcherServlet之后执行

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public interface HandlerInterceptor {
/**
* 目标方法之前调用
* 如果返回值为false,则直接返回,不会调用目标方法
* 如果返回值为true,则继续调用后续拦截器或者目标方法
*
* 作用:权限、日志
*/
boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest var1, HttpServletResponse var2, Object var3) throws Exception;

/**
* 调用目标方法之后执行
*
* 作用:修改请求域中的属性做修改
*/
void postHandle(HttpServletRequest var1, HttpServletResponse var2, Object var3, ModelAndView var4) throws Exception;

/**
* 渲染视图之后调用
*
* 作用:释放资源
*/
void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest var1, HttpServletResponse var2, Object var3, Exception var4) throws Exception;
}

然后在配置文件中配置所编写的拦截器

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<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<!-- 多个拦截器顺序执行 -->
<bean class="com.zhanghe.study.springmvc.interceptor.TestInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

在DispatcherServlet的doDispatcher()方法中进行调用,首先会根据映射找到HandlerExecutionChain对象(包含一个Handler处理器对象、多个HandlerInterceptor拦截器)

调用preHandler

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if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
return;
}
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boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
// 正序调用
for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
return false;
}
this.interceptorIndex = i;
}
}
return true;
}

调用postHandle

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mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
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void applyPostHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
// 反序调用
for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
}
}
}

调用afterCompletion

如果发生异常,也会执行该方法

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mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
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void triggerAfterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex)
throws Exception {

HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
// 反序调用
for (int i = this.interceptorIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
try {
interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, this.handler, ex);
}
catch (Throwable ex2) {
logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", ex2);
}
}
}
}

对于异步请求

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if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
if (mappedHandler != null) {
mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
}
}
  • 由于异步请求是由其他线程直接进行执行的,那么执行了异步请求之后会执行postHandle 和 afterCompletion吗
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void applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (interceptors[i] instanceof AsyncHandlerInterceptor) {
try {
AsyncHandlerInterceptor asyncInterceptor = (AsyncHandlerInterceptor) interceptors[i];
asyncInterceptor.afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(request, response, this.handler);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
logger.error("Interceptor [" + interceptors[i] + "] failed in afterConcurrentHandlingStarted", ex);
}
}
}
}
}

拦截器执行顺序

根据上述代码逻辑得出结论:

对于preHandler方法,是按照拦截器配置的顺序执行的

而对于postHadler方法和afterCompletion方法,是按照拦截器配置的反序执行

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